I am wondering if I can use 2300kv 1806 motor with 5030 prop with 2200mah 11.1V  battery

1. First thing is battery mah doesn't really matter except the discharge rate.
2. The motor specifications will show if it can be used with 5030 prop or not.
3. I think 1806 motors can be used with 11.1v without any problem and also 14.8V as most manufacturers are making motors to support 3S-4S.

Yes you can.

Please refer to this page: https://www.banggood.com/DYS-BE1806-2300KV-Brushless-Motor-2-3S-for-Mini-Multicopters-p-933192.html

test data is given.

2200mah 11.1V battery with 12A esc

check the weight of the plane 1806 with 2300kv can take maximum of 440 if ur plane along with 2200mah is with in that limit we can go here is one video where I am used 1806 , 2300kv



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http://store.rcwing.in/product-result.php?cat=MTQ=